"Here, we found that a single application of Semax (50 μg/kg body weight) results in a maximal **1.4-fold increase of BDNF protein levels accompanying with 1.6-fold increase of trkB tyrosine phosporylation levels, and a 3-fold and a 2-fold increase of exon III BDNF and trkB mRNA levels, respectively, in the rat hippocampus.** Semax-treated animals showed a distinct increase in the number of conditioned avoidance reactions. We suggest that Semax affec
Cellular Energy (Mitochondrial Function)
Cognition
Neurogenesis
Cognition is a complex system encompassing processes such as episodic memory, working memory, executive function/inhibition, spatial learning, language/vocabulary comprehension, processing speed, and language/reading decoding. Changes in synaptic plasticity, the ability of the brain to change and adapt to new information, can be short lived from milliseconds to years. Short lived forms include facilitation, augmentation, and potentiation which enhances neurotransmitter release. These dynamic cha
Alzheimer's Research
Cognition
Neurogenesis
Semax and Noopept are both nootropics under investigation for their abilities to enhance learning, improve memory, protect the brain from injury, and reduce anxiety. Both peptides are derivatives of natural compounds and have been extensively studied in animal models to determine safety and efficacy. Despite the research into the properties of Semax and Noopept, a great deal remains to be learned about the actions of these peptides in the central ner
Alzheimer's Research
Cognition
Neurogenesis
For decades scientists and doctors have operated under the premise that a “chemical imbalance” is the underlying cause of depression. The prevailing theory has been that if a person’s serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine levels were out of balance then that person would develop depression. It seemed logical then that correcting those levels, usually by raising them, was the best way to treat depression. The result of the “chemical imbalance” hypothesis was an explosion of selective serotoni
Cognition
Semax